diff --git a/backend/src/main/resources/application.yml b/backend/src/main/resources/application.yml
index 6f858ed..d3dd77e 100644
--- a/backend/src/main/resources/application.yml
+++ b/backend/src/main/resources/application.yml
@@ -9,9 +9,13 @@ spring:
   datasource:
     type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource
     driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
-    url: jdbc:mysql://192.168.3.80:3306/crm_db?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8&serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai&useSSL=false&allowPublicKeyRetrieval=true
-    username: root
-    password: "Boyun@123"
+    # 原本直连外部数据库的配置已注释，改为通过环境变量并默认指向 Docker 服务名 crm-mysql
+    # url: jdbc:mysql://192.168.3.80:3306/crm_db?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8&serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai&useSSL=false&allowPublicKeyRetrieval=true
+    # username: root
+    # password: "Boyun@123"
+    url: ${SPRING_DATASOURCE_URL:jdbc:mysql://crm-mysql:3306/crm_db?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8&serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai&useSSL=false&allowPublicKeyRetrieval=true}
+    username: ${SPRING_DATASOURCE_USERNAME:root}
+    password: ${SPRING_DATASOURCE_PASSWORD:MySQL123s56}
     druid:
       initial-size: 5
       min-idle: 5
diff --git a/部署说明.md b/部署说明.md
index 5706108..4ad15be 100644
--- a/部署说明.md
+++ b/部署说明.md
@@ -65,6 +65,7 @@ cd e:/EduWeb/by-crm
 docker build -t by-crm/crm-backend:2026.01.27 -f backend/Dockerfile ./backend
 ```
    - 可将版本号替换为语义化版本（如 `v1.2.3`）或日期。
+   - 应用的数据源配置已改为优先读取环境变量，并默认使用 Docker 服务名 `crm-mysql` 作为主机名（详见 backend/src/main/resources/application.yml）。
 2. 导出镜像为 tar：
 ```bash
 docker save -o by-crm-crm-backend-2026.01.27.tar by-crm/crm-backend:2026.01.27